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    <title level="m" type="main">Hubbard, Alvin</title>
    <title level="m" type="sub">a machine readable transcription</title>
    <principal>Susan C. Lawrence</principal>
    <principal>Kenneth M. Price</principal>
    <principal>Kenneth J. Winkle</principal>
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    <edition><date>2011</date></edition>
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    <idno>med.d2e11673</idno>
    <authority>Civil War Washington</authority>
    <publisher>University of Nebraska–Lincoln</publisher>
    <distributor><name>Center for Digital Research in the
     Humanities</name><address><addrLine>319 Love Library</addrLine><addrLine>University of Nebraska–Lincoln</addrLine><addrLine>Lincoln, NE 68588-4100</addrLine><addrLine>cdrh@unlnotes.unl.edu</addrLine></address></distributor>
    <date>2011</date>
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     <p>Copyright © 2011 by University of Nebraska–Lincoln, all rights reserved. Redistribution or
      republication in any medium, except as allowed under the Fair Use provisions of U.S. copyright
      law, requires express written consent from the editors and advance notification of the
      publisher, the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.</p>
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     <persName xml:id="mb">Matthew Bosley</persName>
     <persName xml:id="el">Elizabeth Lorang</persName>
     <persName xml:id="sb">Stacey Berry</persName>
     <persName xml:id="et">Elisabeth Tracey</persName>
     <persName xml:id="ss">Sarah Synovec</persName>     
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    <bibl><title level="j">The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion.
      (1861-65.)</title><pubPlace>Washington, DC</pubPlace><publisher>Government Printing
      Office</publisher><biblScope type="part">Part 3</biblScope><biblScope type="volume">Volume
      2</biblScope><date when="1883">1883</date><biblScope type="page">273</biblScope></bibl>
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     <term>wounds and injuries of the lower extremities</term> 
     <term>injuries of the shaft of the femur</term>
     <term>amputations in the shaft of the femur</term> 
     <term>intermediary amputations in the shaft of the femur for shot injury</term>
     <term>intermediary amputations in the upper third of the femur</term> 
     <term>successful cases of intermediary amputations in the upper third of the femur</term>      
     <term>left patella dislocated upward, leg can only semi-flex</term>
     <term>fractured patella and opened joint of right knee</term>
     <term>large flesh wound on inner side of left knee</term>
     <term>solid shot or fragment of shell struck both knees</term> 
     <term>general anesthesia, chloroform</term>
     <term>amputation of femur close to trochanter</term>
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    <p><hi rend="initialcap">C</hi>ASE 455.&#8212;<name type="person" key="1082">Private Alvin
      Hubbard</name>, <name type="organization" key="172">Battery M, 5th Artillery</name>, aged 20
     years, was wounded at <name type="BATTLE" key="3"><choice><orig>Spottsylvania</orig><reg>Spotsylvania</reg></choice> Court House</name>, <date type="injury" when="1864-05-12">May 12, 1864</date>, by a
     solid shot or a large fragment of shell, which struck both knees, fracturing the patella and
     opening the joint of the right knee, and inflicting a large flesh wound on the inner side of
     the left knee. He was taken to the field hospital of the Artillery Brigade, Sixth Corps, and on <date type="transfer" when="1864-05-14">the 14th</date> sent to
     <name type="place">Fredericksburg</name>. On <date type="transfer" when="1864-05-24">May 24th</date>, he was admitted into
     the <name type="hospital" key="512">Third Division Hospital</name>, <name type="place">Alexandria</name>, from which <name
      type="person" key="134">Surgeon E. Bentley</name>, <name type="organization" key="132">U. S. V.</name>, reports: "The right leg and knee were badly swollen, painful and &#339;dematous,
     and the soft parts ecchymosed; there was an unhealthy discharge from the wound; the left knee
     was black and swollen, but the joint was not seriously injured. His constitutional condition
     was much disturbed, pulse quick and frequent, appetite poor. On <date type="operation" when="1864-05-25">the 25th</date>, it was decided to
     amputate, and, after placing the patient under the influence of chloroform, <name type="person"
      key="134">Surgeon Bentley</name> removed the right thigh just below the trochanter by the
     circular operation; free incisions were made in the integuments of the left knee. He rallied
     well from the operation, and the after treatment consisted of stimulants, opiates, and
     nourishing diet. On <date type="transfer" when="1864-10-07">October 7th</date>, he was
     transferred to the <name type="hospital" key="500">First Division Hospital</name>, <name type="place">Alexandria</name>;
     on <date type="transfer" when="1865-02-25">February 25, 1865</date>, to the <name type="hospital" key="214">hospital at Fairfax Seminary</name>; and finally discharged at the <name type="hospital" key="428">Judiciary Square
      Hospital</name>, Washington, <date type="servicedischarge" when="1865-05-19">May 19, 1865</date>."
     <name type="person" key="xx">Examining Surgeon E. H. Wood</name>, of <name type="place" key="xx">Hersey, Michigan</name>, <date type="pension" when="1877-09-05">September 5, 1877</date>, reports: "The stump of the amputated limb
     is sound. The wound on left knee healed, leaving a large scar, and the patella so dislocated upward that this leg can be only <choice><orig>semi-flexed</orig><reg>semiflexed</reg></choice>." His pension was paid <date type="pension" when="1879-06-04">June 4, 1879</date>.</p>
   
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